Descartes Goes to Hollywood

Descartes Goes to Hollywood Samantha Holland’s article addresses the ‘cyborg’ element in modern contemporary films and the philosophy surrounding cyborgs. Holland’s article focuses on Rene Descartes’ philosophy when analyzing the use of ‘half human-half machine’ characters in films.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Descartes Goes to Hollywood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Samantha Holland addresses various angles of the mind-body philosophy in this article including personal identity, dualism of beings, gender, and technology. Throughout the article, the use of cyborgs in films is used as a tool of analysis by the author. This paper provides a prà ©cis of Holland’s â€Å"Descartes Goes to Hollywood: Mind Body and Gender in Contemporary Cyborg Cinema†. The article begins by providing examples of how materialism and dualism are manifested in cyborg cinema. The movie â€Å"Robo cop† is used to show both the materialistic OCP and the dual existence of Robocop (Holland 158). Holland presents readers with an example of how the mind-body philosophy is the central theme in most cyborg films. According to the article, there are a lot of conflicting philosophies that are contained in most cyborg films. In most cases, the film will be seeking to perpetuate a certain viewpoint but it ends up bringing up a contradiction. The conflict of the body and the mind is also the main theme in most cyborg films according to Holland. The author cites â€Å"The Terminator† and â€Å"Robocop† as examples of films with their main characters suffering from mind-body conflict. The article addresses the gender element in cyborg cinema. According to the author, although cyborg creators insist on the authenticity of the cyborg’s body, they also enhance the cyborg’s gender-look. The article cites the muscled Terminator and the feminine Cherry as exampl es of the emphasized gender-look in cyborgs.Advertising Looking for book review on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The article points out that the reason for gender emphasis in cyborg cinema is to maintain the body-essence and exploit gender roles. In addition, the article faults the notion that cyborgs are meant to go beyond gender boundaries and that they do not emphasize the common gender stereotypes. The author points out how the titles of cyborg films such as â€Å"Robocop†, â€Å"Cherry†, and â€Å"Eve of Destruction† are gender specific (Holland 165). The article continues by covering the feminist myth in most cyborg films. According to the author, most producers only try to portray strong female characters but they do not succeed. The portrayal of Sarah Connor in â€Å"Terminator† is used as an example of how feminism is usually misused in cyborg cinema. It is argue d that feminism is portrayed in both narrative and visual levels in cyborg films. The masculine male body possessed by most cyborgs is an example of the visual portrayal of the ‘strong male-gender’. The article also addresses the issue of how cyborg cinema portrays reproduction. According to the author, the ability to reproduce without using the female element can be interpreted as chauvinistic. The role of the cyborg cinema in the modern world is also addressed. Holland believes that cyborg cinema not only addresses future events but also present events. In addition, they serve as a critique of the human views on mind-body relations. The article concludes by noting that the cyborg cinema represents only the more acceptable notions of the body-mind theories. In addition, most cyborg films highlight the dualism of human beings and other forms. However, no film has been able to portray Descartes’ body-mind philosophy on an advanced level. The author also notes that most cyborg technology focuses on the machine-human interface as opposed to the human-machine interface. Therefore, most cyborg films are a manifestation of the growing anxiety over the increasing use of technology.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Descartes Goes to Hollywood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Holland, Samantha. Descartes Goes to Hollywood.† Cyberbodies/Cyberpunk: Cultures  of Technological Embodiment. Ed. Mike Featherstone and Roger Burrows. New York, NY: Sage, 1996. 157-174. Print.

Victors Thoughts of Correct Morality essays

Victors Thoughts of Correct Morality essays In Frankenstein, a fiction novel by Mary Shelly, Dr Frankenstein believes that it is morally correct to create a horrifying creature that has no sense of life. Once the creature is born, Victor is petrified by the terrifying and devilish looks of his monster. Stepping backwards, as a sign of horror. Dr Frankenstein then believes that his monster is capable and will destroying the real world, as well as his own. Victors judgment guides him throughout his adventures; it is his faulty morality that dooms him. Dr Frankenstein is threatening by his own creation, he is blame for mal-education and lack of care and love. Victor based his whole life on his own reasoning and beliefs; he never believed that he could be wrong, accused of acts that seamed to him perfectly correct. Guided by his dreams, Victor moves forward with his family. However, the monster steps up, later in the story, and forces Dr Frankenstein to create him a companion. Victors creation feels extremely lonely during all these long years, the Doctor never cared or showed any love for his invention, all he believed, was that it was a mistake and endangerment for the population or even his family. Therefore, the gigantic monster decides to threaten victor taking his family as victims. He forces him to create another creature so that he can finally have a lifetime companions. He feared human and believed that he could never be like them. Dr Frankenstein, terrified by those comments, fears to lapse into the realm of the insane, so theoretically he follows the orders. Victor was left with two choices, when the monster threatened him. Either the monster berried his family or the entire population was going to perish. Dr Frankenstein believes that it would be more proper, to let the monster destroy the world, while he saves his family for death. Your Threats cannot move me to an act of wickedness; but they confirm me in determination of mal creating ...

Information Collection and Retention of sensitive information on Users Research Paper

Information Collection and Retention of sensitive information on Users - Research Paper Example he customers personal data for good reasons, such as understanding customer needs and preferences, there has been a growing concern among consumers who argue that it is unethical for companies to retain personal and private data of a consumer without the consent of a customer. This document will analyze the extent to which companies retain users sensitive information and the kind of information that companies hold and the reasons for holding such sensitive information. According to Martin (2014), data mining has been on the increase in the recent past. As the business environment increasingly becomes competitive, companies are looking for every little opportunity to enable them stay ahead of the park. Currently, most big companies are collecting and retaining personal data of their customers for organizational use. Experts say that the private data of most customers are currently being held by big companies. In fact, Martin (2014) notes that every time an individual surfs on the Internet and click on a website, use a mobile app, post something on social media or make a comment via an e-mail or call center, the information provided is retained by the companies for future use. Although most companies keep the customers personal data for good reasons, there has been a growing concern among consumers who note that it is unethical for companies to retain personal and private data of a consumer without the consent their consent. Additionally, consumers are concerned that keeping private data about a customer exposes a customer at risk because the data may be hacked, thereby causing harm to a customer. This document will analyze the extent to which companies retain users sensitive information and the kind of information that companies hold and the reasons for holding such sensitive information. With the advancements in technology and the increased propagation and usage of the Internet, most big companies such as Google, Apple and Facebook are mining the data of

International Expansion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International Expansion - Assignment Example There are different methods of globalization and they include internationals trade, economic globalization and social cultural globalization. International trade involves exchange of services, capital and goods across territories or borders. People are involved in importation and exportation products from one country to another or across continents. Social culture globalization is the exchange of cultural and social practices from different countries like the spread or western culture (Ritzer, 2010). When establishing a business internationally, application of SWOT analysis will held the business owner in understanding many aspect. The strengths will help the business owner to understand the factors or things which will help him in establishing the business. The weakness will help the business owner in identifying the points or the things which needs improvement. After identifying the weakness the business owner will have the chance to improve and eliminate each weakness. The opportunities will help the business owner to notice the things which will enable him to prosper. Proper use of opportunities will enable the business to work effectively. The threats will enable the business owner to identify things which needs to be worked on for effectiveness (Ritzer,

Formal linkage mechanisms Essay Example for Free

Formal linkage mechanisms Essay Formal linkage mechanisms such as mergers and joint ventures are supposed to reduce transaction costs in a business enterprise. However, sometimes companies can experience increased cost if the management fails to lay down proper strategies (Jones, 2006). It is worth noting that joint venture refers to two or more parties coming together to carry out business activities. In this case, these parties agree to share revenues and expenses. On the other hand, mergers entail two or more companies joining but each maintains their identity. The likely causes of increased costs In both mergers and joint ventures, there is the possibility of double running of the departments(Jones, 2006). This comes about by failure of the companies to do away with similar operating departments. For instance, when the joined and merged companies each maintain their human resource department, the results are increased expenses in running the departments. Increased company cost can also result from uncertainty about the future by the trading partners. In this regard, the resulting merger or joint venture has to cater for the associated risks. For instance, the possibility of one or more parties pulling out will result to increased cost since the ratio of sharing cost changes. Conclusion and Recommendations The above factors would contribute to an upward trend in the companys transactions costs. Therefore, it would be of significance for the computer company to consider the following recommendations. The companies should review their former organizational structure by joining departments that perform similar functions to avoid duplication. Moreover, the companies in the merger should work out a plan towards reducing uncertainty costs such as increasing the number of partners in the merger (Jones, 2006).

Bipolar Disorder Essay -- Psychology Depression Essays

Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a type of manic depression classified by those affected having extreme polar opposite emotions. Those who suffer from bipolar disorder, go from extreme highs (mania) to very lows, (depression). Because this illness deals with such drastic changes in behavior, it is essential that those who suffer take medical action in treatment of their disorder, unlike other depressions that may be treated with therapy only. Medical treatment with the use of drugs is so important when treating those who suffer from bipolar disorder, because its causes can be predicted to begin at the neuron level. One of these treatments, as discussed throughout this paper, is Lithium in its common for, Lithium Carbonate. Lithium is thought to affect the way the way the synaptic transmitters carry information across the neurons in the body. Although it is unknown how exactly this process works, researches believe that the synapse is the location of the neuron that is affected by lithium use. The synapse of a cell can be defined as a point of communication at the gap between two neurons or between a neuron and a muscle, (Kalant, 2004). Because the synapse deals with communication, the synapse is an extremely busy and complicated part of the neuron. Due to the belief that Lithium is impacts a cell primarily at the synapse, it also affects the cell at the axon of the pre- synaptic cell, and the dendrites of the post-synaptic cell. An axon is the part of the cell that conducts information away from the cell body, and eventually across the synapse, where the branch like fibers of the post-synaptic dendrites receives the information. Exact Process Unknown: Lith... ... Khoury, Aram El, et al. (2001) Effects of Long Term Lithium Treatment on Monoaminergic functions in major depression. Psychiatry Research, 105, 33-44. Lithium-Drug Class, Medical Uses, Medication Side Effects, and Drug Interactions. (1998). Retrieved March 6, 2005 from http://www.medicinenet.com Long, Phillip W. (2005) Pharmacology in Lithium Carbonate. Retrived March 6, 2005 from http://mentalhealth .com/drug/p30- 102.html Schimelpfening, Nancy. The Chemistry of depression. Retrieved February 28, 2005 from http://depression.about.com/cs/brainch101/a/brainchemistry_p.htm Serretti, A. Et al. (2000). Serotonin Receptor 2A, 2C, 1A genes and response to lithium prophylaxis in mood disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 35, 89-98. Shastry, Barkur s. (2005) Bipolar Disorder: an update. Neurochemistry International, 46, 273-279.

Try Something New for 30 Days

Try something new for 30 days. Do you believe that by doing something new for 30 days can change our life? Is this possible†¦? The great American philosopher Morgan Spurlock says that 30 day challenges or trying something new for those days will change our life. Matt Cutts was ordinary computer scientist who couldn’t make a progress in his life. Nevertheless, after reading this book he had learned many things and made changes in 30 days. The question is will his idea does work to everyone..? I like this ideas a lot and definitely support it in right way and I believe that 30 days are enough to make changes in our life.It is an opportunity to start something new, and try something that you always wanted to do. Perhaps, it is all about adding new or subtracting â€Å"bad† habits and trying to set a goal or plans to accomplish in 30 days. This article shows us how Matt has made his life better by doing simple changes. First, if we want to make our life better, we shou ld set positive goals, than move forward and work to add a new habit, than try to stop unhealthy behaviors and habits. It means that we need to make simple changes like Matt did. For example; he was a computer dupe, however he had tried new simple things in 30 day which he had never done.Certainly we also can do it and make a better life. The best way to do these 30 day s challenges is to understand what we really want, than to be in the mood of it, and last thing is just start it. As a result it will give us many positive benefits. Furthermore, people can force their self to do many activities and become an organized. People who have bad habits as a smoking or drinking can change it by adding a new one. Smoking may replaced by some healthy foods. Consequently those changes can give an opportunity to keep their money also their health.Second is adding new habits, it can be everything which people have always wanted to do, however in 30 days it might change their life. I had a friend , who had no idea about music, but he has started to sing and singing became his habit. Now he is making good music career. In conclusion I would like to mention that many people fare afraid to do something new, because they got accustomed to these things. However Matts article motivated us to do something new by giving his advices and examples from his live. We can use his idea to control our goal, to schedule tasks and projects and make our life better.

Primal Leadership Case Essay

The article Primal Leadership centres around emotional intelligence and the authors investigation into how a leaders mood or â€Å"emotional style† filters through the organisation and can affect the bottom-line results. If a leader is able to recognise this, they can monitor their own moods through self awareness, change them accordingly and act in the ways that will boost others moods which in turn will help the company’s performance. Studies show that when a leader is in a happy mood then the people surrounding them view things in a more positive light. An upbeat environment fosters mental efficiency – making people better at staying focussed, retaining information and therefore better at their jobs. Emotional intelligence affects the whole company’s performance, so it would be easy to assume that a manager with a positive outlook or disposition would raise the company’s performance. But emotional leadership isn’t just fake or putting on a game face every day, it is necessary to understand the impact you have on other employees as a leader. The more we act a certain way – for example happy – the more the behaviour becomes ingrained in our brain circuitry, and the more we will continue to feel and act that way. The key points made in Primal Leadership are covered by the authors in the five step program they recommend to help leader’s achieve higher levels of emotional intelligence. This process is based on brain science rather than more traditional forms of coaching, and has been designed to help leader’s rewire their brain towards these more emotionally intelligent behaviours. Step 1 – â€Å"Who do I want to be?† This step asks the leader to picture the kind of leader they aspire to be and what that emotional leadership looks like. Step 2 – â€Å"Who am I now?† This step is where the leader comes to terms with seeing their leadership style as others do, through receiving feedback from peers, bosses and subordinates. A key issue highlighted for this step is that as a society we tend to avoid talking about a leader’s emotional style and its impact in case we are perceived as being ‘soft’. Another key issue is that of resonance. How do leaders know if they have resonance within their organisation? Primal Leadership points out that employees don’t want to be the messenger for fear of being punished, and can often even feel as if it isn’t their place to confront a leader on this personal topic. So the way that they suggest CEO’s, manager’s and/or leader’s get the full picture is through feedback from not only subordinates but also peers, bosses and mentors. Step 3 – â€Å"How do I get from here to there?† The identification of the gap in emotional intelligence for the leader helps decide the action process of getting the leader from who they are now to the leader they aspire to be. Adapting in accordance with regular feedback, the leader can work on their mood and performance therefore affecting all the people they work with in a more positive way. Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee also state that leader’s should look at areas outside of work to close the gaps in their emotional intelligence, for example coaching a sports team or volunteering. Step 4 – â€Å"How do I make the changes stick?† Goleman, Boyatzis and Mc Kee explain that the way to lasting change and a leader’s growth in emotional intelligence is rehearsing or even visualising the new behaviour until it becomes automatic or implicitly learnt. Imagining an activity or response in vivid detail can fire up the same brain cells involved in actually doing that activity. Step 5 – â€Å"Who can help me?† The last step Primal Leadership recommends is the forming of a community of supporters. The authors emphasise how important it is to have these relationships and feedback from people you trust because these supporters are necessary in order to improve your emotional intelligence and help change leadership style. The bottom line in this case for me is emotional leadership is the spark that ignites a company’s performance, and leader’s need to understand how their mood is so influential to a business’s success, and therefore a leader’s most important task should be emotional leadership. It seems so obvious and full of common sense that advancing their emotional intelligence should be a leadership priority, and yet there are so many toxic work environments out there. Happy, positive moods might filter down from bosses to floor staff, but it will only result in happy people if the sentiments are genuine. In my opinion, leader’s need to be aware that an overly enthusiastic, fake happy boss can be just as toxic to a work environment as a grouchy one. It is not often that someone is told how their current personal mood is affecting their job performance or the business’s success – especially in New Zealand, where the culture expects a â€Å"tough† attitude and unfortunately the topic may be considered as â€Å"soft†. I know from personal experience how hard it is to give honest feedback to a terrible or intimidating boss, but if all leader’s took the time to go through Goleman, Boyatzis and Mc Kee’s five step program and evaluate/improve themselves as leaders then there would be a lot more happy employees.

Issues in the management of human resources The WritePass Journal

Issues in the management of human resources Introduction Issues in the management of human resources Introduction1. What social, economic and/or cultural conditions give rise to the HR issues in this case?2.   Which three module topics do you intend to address within your answer to Assignment 2, and why have you chosen these?3. Which academic journal articles will you examine, and why have you chosen these? References:Related Introduction 1. What social, economic and/or cultural conditions give rise to the HR issues in this case? Experiencing change: New markets and relocated managers raised components in Jaguar, which means it is taking over the luxury carmaker market world-widely by finding a local partner to consolidate social position. Government support for research and development to ensure the industrys strength is important. Strategic HRD/HRM: According to contextual and dynamic framework Garavan (2007), Jaguar changed global environment from national conditions to multinational; therefore job value and uniqueness have been transferred from internal customers or suppliers to external. Cultural comparisons: Jaguar needs to take consideration of uncertainty avoidance due to cultural environment changed in new market. Reward options are keys to impact recruitment in the background of cultural diversity. 2.   Which three module topics do you intend to address within your answer to Assignment 2, and why have you chosen these? Experiencing change: Life is a journey with full of change. Transition and resistance happened everyday in organisations. Change is uncertain and what is present today maybe absent tomorrow. The movement with strategies creating opportunities for a better future is what organisation needs to experience. Cultural comparisons: When organisations globalize, most of work finished through people located in different nations. Collaboration and coordination of employment is the noticeable trend. Therefore the importance of cultural comparisons is rising up. Coaching: Leadership is an art and ensures the continuation of the organisation. Stimulate effectiveness by enabling others to reach both personal and institutional potential. Managers emphasize coaching as a key part to sustain leadership effectiveness. 3. Which academic journal articles will you examine, and why have you chosen these? Experiencing change: Smollan (2006) published different perspectives to change in organizational behaviour. Conway (2008) explores the relationship between HR practices and commitment to change. Bunker (2008) responded to change and help people move forward. Cultural comparison: Ferner (2011) used large-scale representative surveys to examine key aspects of control in multinational companies. Lamond and Zheng (2009) pointed critical view on Chinese HRM issues. Cantwell and Zhang (2011) summarised the relationship between multinational corporations and local economic systems. Coaching: Kirkbride (2006) illustrated innovative range leadership model and how this model developed leadership. Cole (2011) reviewed the latest management developments from cutting-edge research. Pollitt (2011)explained coaching initiative and the results it achieved. References: Bunker, K. A. (2008) â€Å"Responses to Change: Helping People Manage Transition†. Leadership in Action, vol.28, No.5, pp.15-17 Cantwell, J. and Zhang, Y. (2011) â€Å"Innovation and location in the multinational firm†.   International Journal of Technology Management, vol. 54, No.1, pp. 116-132 Cole, G. (2011) â€Å"Why leaders are key to their own development†. Human Resource Management International Digest, vol.19, No.2, pp. 19-23 Conway, E. (2008) â€Å"HR practices and commitment to change: an employee-level analysis†. Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 18 Issue 1, pp.72-89 Ferner, A. (2011) â€Å"HRM structures and subsidiary discretion in foreign multinationals in the UK†. International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 22 Issue 3, pp. 483-509 Garavan, T. (2007) â€Å"A Strategic Perspective on Human Resource Development†. Advances in Developing Human Resources, vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 11-30 Kirkbride, P. (2006) â€Å"Developing transformational leaders: the full range leadership model in action†. Industrial and Commercial Training, vol. 38 Issue: 1, pp.23 32 Lamond, D. and Zheng, C. (2009) â€Å"A Critical Review of Human Resource Management Studies (1978-2007) in the People’s Republic of China†. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol.20, No.11, pp.2194-2227 Pollitt, D. (2011) â€Å"Coaching drives performance improvement at GM Europe†. Human Resource Management International Digest, vol.19, No.1, pp.10-11 Smollan, R. K. (2006) Minds, hearts and deeds: Cognitive, affective and behavioural responses to change.   Journal of Change Management, vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 143-158

How to Get Reviews

How to Get Reviews I did one of my two-minute podcasts this week on collecting reviews for books, because my mailbox is swamped with articles, podcasts, blog posts, and queries to me on how to land reviews. Just this week I heard from an author friend of mine who just released two books in a series at once. . . and still has less than ten reviews on the two combined even after the publisher sent out hundreds (yep, you read that right) of review copies. Week before last, I posted a call for reviewers on my Facebook page. I have four books with less than 100 reviews (82, 64, 51, and 47 for my last four books), and my goal this year is to reach 100 for all my books. Yes, I read reviews. Do I let a one-star destroy my day? No. Frankly, I dont breathe easy until someone has left me a pissy review, just so its out of my system. As a matter of fact, Newberry Sin has a 4.9/5 rating on Amazon, with only one three-star review. No ones or twos. Beats me why someone hasnt bashed it yet. My editor says thats because theres nothing to bash, but shes just being sweet. Nobody writes a book everybody likes. But how to get reviews? You coordinate them. You are going to learn that there are bookstore people, library people, and Amazon people, and usually, the bookstore people dont post reviews on Amazon. The anti-Amazon people wont post reviews on Amazon. Therefore, people who are active online and make Amazon purchases constitute the preferred reviewer. (Of course, if someone you know has a review column in a major publication, A close second preferred reader is a strong Goodreads person. Do they make their reading choices based upon Goodreads? Then great. Ask away, though an Amazon person will most likely also post on Goodreads. I start with social media, setting a time period in which I am seeking reviews, making it somewhat of a big deal, like an event. I offer print or ebook. Some publishers no longer do print ARCs or review copies. They are indeed pricey, especially when many requestors do not follow through. However, be prepared to send out some print copies. Yes, the cost can add up. Take note of who is doing your reviews. The plus of asking on social media or having to mail/email copies of the books is that you have their contact info. You can then follow-up and ask if they received the book a couple weeks later. This is NOT so you can push them to review. NEVER push someone to review. However, if someone does not follow-through, you know never to send them a review copy again. Common sense without breaking any cardinal rules. After nine novels, I have a list of what I call permanent reviewers. Ill send them a copy of any new release because they always review. Sometimes I ask in FundsforWriters, and other times in my author newsletter C. Hope Clark (sign up at www.chopeclark.com). This past week I sent out 40 copies. Reviews are already coming in. And I thank them. . . gush over them. These people are golden and deserve to be treated accordingly. So, in summation. . . you build relationships. Receiving a free book isnt enough. Goodness knows there are too dang many of those out there to the point that isnt a big deal. Its the back and forth, the willingness to respect and converse with anyone, the manners to say please and thank you. Its being generous and grateful. Readers love helping you if they feel appreciated, and I feel pretty darn grateful for mine.

Ethics of Neuro-Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethics of Neuro-Marketing - Essay Example Due to the historical challenges the advertising industry has experienced in trying to prove the return on adverting spending, neuro-marketing has been given somewhat fast adoption in the previous five years (Micu &Plummer, 1). Despite the fact that the prospect of enhanced advertising has created excitement within the business community in general, serious ethical matters have been raised as well by scientists, scholars, and consumer groups (Murphy, Illes, & Reiner, 1). However, the industry pays no attention to these concerns (Christophe, 1). The State of Advertising Ethics Ethical advertising could be described as the production and broadcasting of commercial messages which promote goods or services without lying to the public (Bishop, 2). Shockingly, both the advertising and the marketing industries have a not so good reputation concerning the application of ethical standards. A survey carried out by Gallup in 2011 positioned the advertising occupation at the bottom of the honest y scale with no more than eleven percent partakers ranking advertising practitioners with high or very high scores, placing them just four points above lobbyists and car salespeople (Christophe, 2). The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), formed during 1914, is in charge of keeping consumers protected from advertisers who are unethical or unscrupulous. In the long run, the Federal Trade Commission has identified universal conditions upon which a message is considered to breach the standard of â€Å"truth-in-advertising† (FTC, 2011).  

Avon Calls on Foreign Markets Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Avon Calls on Foreign Markets - Article Example This sometimes leads to marketing failures in many countries. In this orientation, basically, the products remain the same as in the head production unit, only, the locale that they are sold in changes. Avon has many such core products that it sells globally. Customer orientation, however, asks questions as to how the product and marketing methods can be changed, in a country, in order to be able to stay and do business there. This is especially important to an organization when they move into a country where the size of the population, or the potential of growth is attractive. Oftentimes a company may develop products exclusively for the country in question in keeping with the demand there. In China, when Avon went into their market, direct marketing was not allowed. However, the sheer size of the population made it a very attractive location for Avon, hence, the company changed its marketing strategy here and allowed beauty botiques, beauty counters, and independent stores to operate; thereby, making its products available virtually all over the country. Strategic Marketing orientation is actually a mixed strategy combining all 3 orientations of sales, customer and production orientation. Pricing and quality are also important criterion. Avon uses this strategy wherever necessary, in order to keep the business alive and flourishing in a country. Why is Avon so much more dependent on its foreign operations than on its home (U.S.) operations? Founded in 1886, Avon;s headquarters are in the US. It is one of the largest and oldest marketers and manfucatures of beauty related products. However  ¾ of it marketing and sales operations are in 66 countries and territories over the world. Another 44 countries are also on its distribution list. The reason that Avon went interntional was due to the slow growth in the U.S. market, and hardly any, or very limited potential for expansion. There already was a glut of